Higgs Boson (God particle)
-> Higgs field is a field that gives mass to an elementary particle when a particle interacts with it.
-> The particle associated with Higg's field is called Higg's Boson. Higg's Boson is an elementary particle produced by quantum excitation of the Higgs field.
-> It is named after physicist Peeter Higgs.
-> When particles interact with the Higgs field and attract Higg's Boson it will cluster around the particle
in varying numbers.
-> The more particle attracts Higgs Boson, the more will be its mass.
-> This is called God particle because it was very much difficult to detect the particle. It took almost 50
years and a billion-dollar particle accelerator to do it. This nickname was used by icon Lederman for 1st
time.
Gravitational Waves
-> They are ripples in space-time which is caused by some of the most violent and energetic processes in
the universe.
-> These processes may include massive accelerating objects such as neutron or black holes or biting
each other.
-> This process would disrupt spacetime in such a way that 'waves' of spacetime would propagate in all
directions away from the source.
-> These waves travel at the speed of light carrying into about their origin.
-> In 1916 AD, Albert Einstein suggested the existence of these waves in the general theory of relativity.
-> Later in 2015, LIGO (Laser interferometer Gravitational) was produced by a pair of colliding black
holes (36 and 29 times larger than the sun) about 1.3 billion light-years away this proved Einstein
prediction.
Nanotechnology
-> It is the study of manipulating matter on an atomic and molecular scale.
-> It involves control of matter from 1 - 100nm.
-> It has the potential to create many new materials and devices with a vast range of applications such
as in medicine, electronics, and energy production.
-> Nanoparticles are used in the field of food science and food microbiology.
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